Some athletes have intensive training at high altitude
with less oxygen to boost their cardiorespiratory function,
and then their performance at lower altitude gets better.
You can do the same in TOEIC as well. I mean, getting
used to tougher exercises will make you feel real TOEIC
is easy. In TOEIC, you are supposed to choose one correct
answer from among the four choices, but repeating the same
kind of exercises isn't enough to improve your score. I'll
give you tougher ones and push you up to the higher level.
Are you ready?
酸素のより薄い高地でトレーニングを積み、心肺機能を高める
ことにより、平地でのパフォーマンスを上げるアスリートがいます。
TOEICに関しても同様のことを行うことが可能です。即ち、より
過酷な条件を持つ問題に取り組むことで、本番のTOEICを易しく
感じさせるということ。４つの選択肢から正解を一つ選び出すのが
TOEICの読解ですが、そのタイプの問題ばかり繰り返しても、
スコアの伸びはどこかで必ず頭打ちになります。私が皆さんにより
高地トレーニングを提供し、今より数段上のレベルへとお連れしま
しょう。準備はよろしいですか？
You are to choose as many statements as possible that match
the news. Give it your best shot!
ニュース本文の内容に合うものを全て選んでください。健闘を祈る！
☆The news is from this website and I use it with their permission.
http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/copyright.html
Eating habits and food processing skills from around two million years ago
helped humans to evolve and develop language. Researchers from Harvard
University say that learning to cut meat up and using basic stone tools to
process food was a crucial step in our evolutionary process. The fact that
we cut food up or pounded and crushed it meant we needed less time for chewing.
This gave our mouths more free time to develop language and communicate. The
researchers estimate that cutting up meat and other food saved early humans as
many as 2.5 million chews per year. In contrast, the chimpanzee spends half of
its day chewing, which means it has less time to communicate.
The researchers also said the shape of our face changed because we needed to chew
less. Our jaws and teeth became smaller because we had learnt to cut up food.
Professor Daniel Lieberman said: "We went from having snouts and big teeth and
large chewing muscles to having smaller teeth, smaller chewing muscles, and flat
faces. Those changes, and others, allowed for the selection for speech and other
shifts in the head, like bigger brains." Dr. Lieberman chewed raw goat meat to
test his theory. He said: "You chew and you chew and you chew and you chew, and
nothing happens." He added that to some extent, slicing meat into smaller pieces
before chewing is the simplest technology of all.
a)The invention of food processing transformed human beings in shape.
b)Cooking devices underwent the same evolution as human language.
c)It will take chimpanzees substantial time to learn how to chop meat.
d)A change in human communication was caused by the introduction of food easy
to digest
e)The advent of human language is attributed to less time spent on chewing food.
Check the answers and receive my brief lecture below!
解答と解説は下に！
OK, let's check all the statements.
a)The invention of food processing transformed human beings in shape.
Look at the 1st and 2nd sentences in the 2nd paragraph.
The researchers also said the shape of our face changed because we
needed to chew less. Our jaws and teeth became smaller because
we had learnt to cut up food.
Before human beings developed food processing skills, all they(we?)
could do was chew, chew, chew and chew. You can imagine how
tiring it was and human beings needed a lot more muscles and
tougher and larger teeth, right?
That's why, a) is correct!
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b)Cooking devices underwent the same evolution as human language.
The invention of cooking devices, I mean, basic stone tools helped
humans to evolve and develop language as you see in the very 1st
sentence. However, nothing is mentioned about the evolution of
cooking tools.
b) is incorrect!
-------------------------------------------------------------------
c)It will take chimpanzees substantial time to learn how to chop meat.
This statement should be true judging from the history of human
evolution, but even a bit of the statement is NOT seen in the news.
c) is incorrect!
-------------------------------------------------------------------
d)A change in human communication was caused by the introduction
of food easy to digest.
This is about whether you grab the gist of the news or not. Look at
the 1st sentence one more time.
Eating habits and food processing skills from around two million years
ago helped humans to evolve and develop language.
Human being invented some tools to process food, which made
their food much easier to eat and saved them plenty of time to
chew. That's why humans got enough time to communicate
through their mouths. A change in their eating habits, in short,
chewing less and food processing, I mean, cutting, pounding and
crushing meat enabled human being to develop language, not
the introduction of food which is easy to digest. It is true that
the food consequently became easier to digest, but the statement
has missed the mark.
Actually this statement is really tricky and one of my students,
whose score is 875, chose this as a correct answer. If you are
aiming to get 600 or 700, it is all right to choose this. However,
if your goal is to reach 900 or higher, clearing this major hurdle
could be your breakthrough.
d) is incorrect!
---------------------------------------------------------------
e)The advent of human language is attributed to less time spent
on chewing food.
"Advent" means coming or arrival. In this context, you should
get it as "appearance". Shortly put, e) means "Human language
was born because human being spent less time to chew food.
Now it's obvious that this statement is true, right?
e) is correct!
a)食品加工の発明が人類を形の上で変化させた。
２段落目の１・２行目にこう書かれています。
噛む必要性が減少したため、人類の顔が変化したとも調査者達は述べた。
食べ物を切ることを身につけたため、あごや歯が小さくなったのである。
食品加工の技術を身につける以前は、彼ら彼女ら(我々と言うべき？)は
噛んで、噛んで、また噛んで、更に噛むしかなかったわけです。それが
いかに疲れる作業であり、より多くの筋肉と大きな歯を必要としたことは
想像に難くありませんよね？
a)は正しい選択肢！
--------------------------------------------------------------------
b)調理器具は人間の言語と同じ進化の過程をたどった。
調理器具、ここでは単純な石器の発明により、言語の発達は
促進されたと第１文目にあります。しかしながら、調理器具の
進化については何一つ述べられていません。
b)は誤った選択肢！
-----------------------------------------------------------------
c)チンパンジーが肉を切ることを習得するには、かなりの時間を要するだろう。
人類の進化の歴史から判断すれば、この一文は正しいはずではあります。
しかしこのような趣旨は文中で一切述べられていません。
c)は論外！
---------------------------------------------------------------------
d)人間の意思疎通の変化は消化し易い食べ物の導入により引き起こされた。
この一文により、今回のニュースの幹をとらえられているのかが試されます。
第１文目をもう一度見てみましょう。
約二百万年前からの食習慣と食品加工の技術により、人類の言葉の進化と
発達は促進された。
人類は食品を加工するための道具を発明し、それにより食べることが容易に
なり、噛む時間が大幅に省かれました。故に人類は口を使って意思疎通を
はかる時間を得たのです。食習慣の変化、即ち噛む回数が減ったこと、そして
食品加工、つまり肉を切って叩いてつぶすことで、人類は言葉を発達させる
ことができたわけであり、消化し易い食べ物の導入が原因ではありません。
結果的に食べ物は消化し易くなったでしょうが、論点がずれているのです。
この選択肢は実にトリッキーであり、私の生徒さんの一人(875点を持って
います)も騙されました。600点や700点を目指している段階なら落としても
全く問題ありませんが、900点以上を目指すのであれば、こうした大きな
障害をクリアできるかどうかが一つの鍵となります。
d)は間違い！
-------------------------------------------------------------
e)人類の言葉の登場は、噛む時間が減ったことに起因すると考えられる。
もはやこの選択肢が正しいことは、火を見るより明らかでしょう。
e)は正しい選択肢！
The correct statements are a) and e)!
正しい選択肢はa)とe)でした！
スポンサーリンク
How did you like it? It would be great if this article
could help you improve your English and get a higher
score in a TOEIC test!
御機嫌よう!
Have a good one!
¡Hasta luego!
Hẹn gặp lại!
곧 당신을보고!
Todos los contenidos son del dueño del blog, Alfredo.
☆All the audio files here were recorded by the blog owner Alfredo.
☆All contents on this website are the copyright of the blog owner Alfredo.
皆様の温かいサポートに心より感謝いたします！
¡Muchas gracias por su apoyo sincero!
I truly appreciate your sincere support!
Xin trân thành cám ơn!
정말 고마워요!
にほんブログ村
語学ランキング